FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS TO ENSURE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF THE HOUSING SECTOR OF UKRAINE
Abstract
Ensuring the energy efficiency of Ukraine's housing sector are important elements in building an efficient economy and achieving sustainable development goals. These processes require significant funding, which is attracted through modern financial instruments. The aim of the article is to study the financial instruments for energy efficiency of the housing sector of Ukraine. The study used general scientific and specific methods, in particular: analysis and synthesis, theoretical generalization, comparative analysis, the method of scientific forecasting. Source base for financing measures to improve the energy efficiency of the housing sector of Ukraine is found out, in particular: bank loans, programs of international donor organizations; commodity loans from manufacturers of materials and equipment. Problems have been identified that hinder the financing of measures to improve the energy efficiency of residential buildings at the regional level, due to limited credit availability, lack of appropriate funding instruments and programs. Modern financial instruments for energy efficiency in the form of non-repayable financing, debt financing, partial financing or a combination of these options are analyzed. The world's leading experience in the use of innovative financial instruments has been studied. It was found that financial mechanisms and tools to ensure energy efficiency of the housing sector in the EU work through grants, soft loans, tax benefits, ESCOs, European structural funds. It is substantiated that the decisive role in solving energy efficiency issues in European countries is the state. It was found that the main traditional tool for ensuring energy efficiency in the housing sector of Ukraine is the provision of subsidies to households. It is substantiated that it is necessary to improve the mechanism of public funding in the energy efficiency of the housing sector, in particular the transition from subsidies to a more diverse portfolio of instruments. We believe that in Ukraine, in addition to traditional instruments for financing the energy efficiency of the residential sector, it is necessary to actively implement innovative ones: PACE (Property Assessment Clean Energy) program; On-bill finance; crowdfunding.
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